> Title:
> Steps to a "Properly Embodied" cognitive science
>
> Authors:
> Stapleton, M
>
> Source:
> *COGNITIVE SYSTEMS RESEARCH*, 22-23 1-11; JUN 2013
>
> Abstract:
> Cognitive systems research has predominantly been guided by the
> historical distinction between emotion and cognition, and has focused
> its efforts on modelling the "cognitive" aspects of behaviour. While
> this initially meant modelling only the control system of cognitive
> creatures, with the advent of "embodied" cognitive science this expanded
> to also modelling the interactions between the control system and the
> external environment. What did not seem to change with this embodiment
> revolution, however, was the attitude towards affect and emotion in
> cognitive science. This paper argues that cognitive systems research is
> now beginning to integrate these aspects of natural cognitive systems
> into cognitive science proper, not in virtue of traditional "embodied
> cognitive science", which focuses predominantly on the body's gross
> morphology, but rather in virtue of research into the interoceptive,
> organismic basis of natural cognitive systems. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V.
> All rights reserved.
>
> ========================================================================
>
>
> *Pages: 12-26 (Article)
> *View Full Record: http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord;KeyUT=CCC:000313690800002
> *Order Full Text [ ]
>
> Title:
> Conceptual metaphors and embodied cognition: EEG coherence reveals brain activity differences between primary and complex conceptual metaphors during comprehension
>
> Authors:
> Lachaud, CM
>
> Source:
> *COGNITIVE SYSTEMS RESEARCH*, 22-23 12-26; JUN 2013
>
> Abstract:
> Because cognitive linguists assert that primary and complex conceptual
> metaphors are theoretical constructs with a plausible yet uncertain
> psychological reality, this study investigated if and how EEG coherence
> would differ between the two types of metaphor during comprehension.
> Hypothesis testing implied formalizing an algorithm of conceptual
> metaphor processing before collecting EEG data from 50 normal adults and
> looking for condition-specific EEG coherence patterns. Results confirm
> the psychological reality of two metaphor categories. However, they also
> support alternative conceptions regarding the algorithm and nature of
> complex metaphors, developed and discussed in this article. (c) 2012
> Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
>
> ========================================================================
>
>
> *Pages: 27-34 (Article)
> *View Full Record: http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord;KeyUT=CCC:000313690800003
> *Order Full Text [ ]
>
> Title:
> An anthropomorphic method for number sequence problems
>
> Authors:
> Strannegard, C; Amirghasemi, M; Ulfsbacker, S
>
> Source:
> *COGNITIVE SYSTEMS RESEARCH*, 22-23 27-34; JUN 2013
>
> Abstract:
> Number sequence problems appear frequently in IQ tests, where the task
> is to extrapolate finite sequences of integers. This paper presents a
> computational method for solving number sequence problems appearing in
> IQ tests. The assumption that these problems are solvable by humans is
> actively exploited to keep the computational complexity manageable. The
> method combines elements of artificial intelligence and cognitive
> psychology and is referred to as anthropomorphic because it makes use of
> a model of human reasoning. This model features a set of cognitive
> resources, a repertoire of patterns that encode integer sequences, and a
> notion of bounded computation for decoding patterns. The model
> facilitates the search for patterns matching a given integer sequence by
> quickly discarding many patterns on the grounds that they are too
> demanding to decode. The computational method was implemented as a
> computer program called Asolver and then tested against the programs
> Mathematica and Maple. On the number sequence problems of the IQ test
> PJP, Asolver scored above IQ 140, whereas the other programs scored
> below IQ 100. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
>
> ========================================================================
>
>
> *Pages: 35-46 (Article)
> *View Full Record: http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord;KeyUT=CCC:000313690800004
> *Order Full Text [ ]
>
> Title:
> An anthropomorphic method for progressive matrix problems
>
> Authors:
> Strannegard, C; Cirillo, S; Strom, V
>
> Source:
> *COGNITIVE SYSTEMS RESEARCH*, 22-23 35-46; JUN 2013
>
> Abstract:
> Progressive matrix problems are frequently used in modern IQ tests. In a
> progressive matrix problem, the task is to identify the missing element
> that completes the pattern of a pictorial matrix. We present a method
> for solving progressive matrix problems. The method is not limited to
> problems that are on the multiple choice format, which makes it
> potentially useful for solving real-world pattern discovery problems
> that do not come with predefined answer alternatives. The method is
> anthropomorphic in the sense that it uses certain problem solving
> strategies that were reported by high-achieving human solvers. We also
> describe a computer program implementing this method. The computer
> program was tested on the sets C, D, and E of Raven's Standard
> Progressive Matrices test and it produced correct solutions for 28 of
> the 36 problems considered. This score corresponds roughly to an IQ of
> 100. Finally, we conclude that it is possible to solve progressive
> matrix problems without analyzing potential answer alternatives and
> discuss some implications of this finding. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All
> rights reserved.
>
> ========================================================================
>
>
> *Pages: 47-66 (Article)
> *View Full Record: http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord;KeyUT=CCC:000313690800005
> *Order Full Text [ ]
>
> Title:
> A computational model for solving problems from the Raven's Progressive Matrices intelligence test using iconic visual representations
>
> Authors:
> Kunda, M; McGreggor, K; Goel, AK
>
> Source:
> *COGNITIVE SYSTEMS RESEARCH*, 22-23 47-66; JUN 2013
>
> Abstract:
> We describe a computational model for solving problems from Raven's
> Progressive Matrices (RPM), a family of standardized intelligence tests.
> Existing computational models for solving RPM problems generally reason
> over amodal propositional representations of test inputs. However, there
> is considerable evidence that humans can also apply imagery-based
> reasoning strategies to RPM problems, in which processes rooted in
> perception operate over modal representations of test inputs. In this
> paper, we present the "affine model," a computational model that
> simulates modal reasoning by using iconic visual representations
> together with affine and set transformations over these representations
> to solve a given RPM problem. Various configurations of the affine model
> successfully solve between 33 and 38 of the 60 problems on the Standard
> Progressive Matrices, which matches levels of performance for typically
> developing 9- to 11-year-old children. This suggests that, for at least
> a sizeable subset of RPM problems, it is not always necessary to extract
> amodal symbols in order to arrive at the correct answer, and iconic
> visual representations constitute a sufficient form of representation to
> successfully solve these problems. We intend for the affine model to
> serve as a complementary computational account to existing propositional
> models, which together may provide an integrated, dual-process account
> of human problem solving on the RPM. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights
> reserved.
>
> ========================================================================
>
>
> *Pages: 67-77 (Article)
> *View Full Record: http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord;KeyUT=CCC:000313690800006
> *Order Full Text [ ]
>
> Title:
> Interdisciplinary implications on autism, savantism, Asperger syndrome and the biophysical picture representation: Thinking in pictures
>
> Authors:
> Bokkon, I; Salari, V; Scholkmann, F; Dai, J; Grass, F
>
> Source:
> *COGNITIVE SYSTEMS RESEARCH*, 22-23 67-77; JUN 2013
>
> Abstract:
> It seems that neurotypical individuals (people without autism) have a
> hidden ability for savant-like skills, and these special abilities can
> be accessible via top-down cortical disinhibition of the left
> fronto-temporal lobe by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation
> (rTMS). It is well known that enhanced visual function in striate and
> extrastriate areas is a common character in autists, savants and
> subjects with Asperger syndrome. In addition, visual cortex not only
> processes visual signals but also is involved in the processing of
> mathematical thinking and auditory signals among them. Here we argue
> about the essential (and more ancient) role of picture representation
> over linguistic representation in ASD and that extraordinary savant-like
> skills are due to the explicit predominance of the right hemisphere (a
> malfunction of top-down control processes) accompanied with prevalence
> of lower level detailed visual information in the right hemisphere. Our
> recently presented novel biophysical picture representation hypothesis
> (also called as intrinsic biophysical virtual visual reality) about
> visual perception and imagery is also briefly described and linked to
> the predominance of lower level and detailed visual representation in
> the right hemisphere that may be a common character in autism,
> savantism, and Asperger syndrome. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights
> reserved.
>
> ========================================================================
>
>
> *Pages: 78-88 (Review)
> *View Full Record: http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord;KeyUT=CCC:000313690800007
> *Order Full Text [ ]
>
> Title:
> Sensation as reduction in uncertainty: A review
>
> Authors:
> Norwich, KH
>
> Source:
> *COGNITIVE SYSTEMS RESEARCH*, 22-23 78-88; JUN 2013
>
> Abstract:
> This is a review of a large body of work undertaken during the past 3-4
> decades, by the author, who has worked in both the physical and the
> biological sciences. We begin with two assumed principles that are taken
> to be fundamental to the process of perception. The first is termed the
> reflexive property, and the second the uncertainty property. The former
> implies that the perceived world always mirrors a property of the
> perceiving system. The latter means that perception, both in the
> physical and biological worlds, always implies making a choice from
> among alternatives. We integrate these principles to develop equations
> diagrammatically, essentially using a set of cartoons. The equations are
> not derived rigorously - that can be found in other publications - but
> rather take shape pictorially, to give the reader the gist of the idea.
> The result is a single equation that has a good deal of scope in
> predicting events within sensory science. This single equation, suitably
> constrained, can be used to derive many of the hitherto empirical
> equations found in sensory science. By rooting perception in the
> physical, rather than the biological realm, this equation tells us about
> sensory systems that may be present throughout our universe, since the
> universe operates everywhere using the same laws of physics. (c) 2012
> Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
>
>
Intelligent Insights on Intelligence Theories and Tests
