Title:
JORDAN-3: MEASURING VISUAL REVERSALS IN CHILDREN AS SYMPTOMS OF LEARNING DISABILITY AND ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER
Authors:
Jordan, BT; Martin, N; Austin, JS
Source:
*PERCEPTUAL AND MOTOR SKILLS*, 115 (3):755-763; DEC 2012
Abstract:
The purpose of this research was to establish new norms for the Jordan-3
for children ages 5 to 18 years. The research also investigated the
frequency of visual reversals in children previously identified as
having reading disability, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and
broader learning disabilities. Participants were regular education
students, ages 5 through 18 years, and special education students
previously diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder,
reading disability, or broader learning disability. Jordan-3 Accuracy
and Error raw scores were compared to assess if there was a significant
difference between the two groups. Mean Accuracy and Error scores were
compared for males and females. Children with learning disability and
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder had higher reversals when
compared to regular education children, which lends continued support to
the Jordan-3 as a valid and reliable measure of visual reversals in
children and adolescents. This study illustrates the utility of the
Jordan-3 when assessing children who may require remediation to reach
their academic potential.
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